Density

Mass divided by volume, typically measured with a scale and graduated cylinder or a dedicated density meter.

• •Green coffee is denser than water — it sinks rather than floats.
• •Density is influenced by growing altitude, cultivar, and how well the bean was dried.
• •Denser beans tend to roast more slowly and evenly; lower-density beans roast faster and can scorch if pushed too hard.
• •Drier coffee tends to read denser, since it's a higher ratio of coffee to water by weight.